At the recent UN Ocean Conference in Nice, the OECD set out six priorities to guide action on ocean sustainability. The Organisation emphasises that the ocean economy would be the world’s fifth largest if it were a country, but it faces growing threats from overexploitation, pollution and climate change.
1. Strengthening ocean governance and science-based decision-making
The OECD calls for stronger regulations, more investment in ocean science, effective marine protected areas and broader participation of developing countries in global value chains. Ratifying agreements like the High Seas Treaty is seen as essential.
2. Bolstering support for developing countries
Only about 1% of official development assistance between 2010 and 2023 targeted ocean-related initiatives. The OECD urges more funding for sustainable sectors, innovative financing such as blue bonds and capacity building to help countries harness the ocean for development.
3. Promoting sustainable fisheries management
Nearly 20% of global fish stocks are in poor health, and many subsidies risk encouraging overfishing. The OECD recommends targeting support to well-managed fisheries and investing more in monitoring and enforcement to ensure long-term productivity.
4. Decarbonising maritime transport
Shipping carries 80% of world trade but accounts for 3% of emissions. The OECD highlights the need for cleaner fuels, energy-efficient ships and fair policies to speed up decarbonisation across the sector.
5. Strengthening coastal resilience
Coastal areas house 2.4 billion people and rich biodiversity but face rising seas, erosion and extreme weather. The OECD advocates integrated, climate-resilient strategies that protect ecosystems and support local communities.
6. Combating plastic pollution
Over 1.4 million tonnes of plastic enter the ocean every year. The OECD estimates that comprehensive policies across the plastics lifecycle could cut pollution by up to 96%.
With these priorities, the OECD urges countries to turn commitments into concrete action to protect the ocean as a source of food, livelihoods and climate stability for generations to come.
🔗 Read the full blog post: Six OECD policy priorities for a healthy and productive ocean